We present a simple yet effective end-to-end Video-language Pre-training (VidLP) framework, Masked Contrastive Video-language Pretraining (MAC), for video-text retrieval tasks. Our MAC aims to reduce video representation's spatial and temporal redundancy in the VidLP model by a mask sampling mechanism to improve pre-training efficiency. Comparing conventional temporal sparse sampling, we propose to randomly mask a high ratio of spatial regions and only feed visible regions into the encoder as sparse spatial sampling. Similarly, we adopt the mask sampling technique for text inputs for consistency. Instead of blindly applying the mask-then-prediction paradigm from MAE, we propose a masked-then-alignment paradigm for efficient video-text alignment. The motivation is that video-text retrieval tasks rely on high-level alignment rather than low-level reconstruction, and multimodal alignment with masked modeling encourages the model to learn a robust and general multimodal representation from incomplete and unstable inputs. Coupling these designs enables efficient end-to-end pre-training: reduce FLOPs (60% off), accelerate pre-training (by 3x), and improve performance. Our MAC achieves state-of-the-art results on various video-text retrieval datasets, including MSR-VTT, DiDeMo, and ActivityNet. Our approach is omnivorous to input modalities. With minimal modifications, we achieve competitive results on image-text retrieval tasks.
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Recently, Vehicle-to-Everything(V2X) cooperative perception has attracted increasing attention. Infrastructure sensors play a critical role in this research field, however, how to find the optimal placement of infrastructure sensors is rarely studied. In this paper, we investigate the problem of infrastructure sensor placement and propose a pipeline that can efficiently and effectively find optimal installation positions for infrastructure sensors in a realistic simulated environment. To better simulate and evaluate LiDAR placement, we establish a Realistic LiDAR Simulation library that can simulate the unique characteristics of different popular LiDARs and produce high-fidelity LiDAR point clouds in the CARLA simulator. Through simulating point cloud data in different LiDAR placements, we can evaluate the perception accuracy of these placements using multiple detection models. Then, we analyze the correlation between the point cloud distribution and perception accuracy by calculating the density and uniformity of regions of interest. Experiments show that the placement of infrastructure LiDAR can heavily affect the accuracy of perception. We also analyze the correlation between perception performance in the region of interest and LiDAR point cloud distribution and validate that density and uniformity can be indicators of performance.
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Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to perform new tasks based on a few demonstrations or natural language instructions. While these capabilities have led to widespread adoption, most LLMs are developed by resource-rich organizations and are frequently kept from the public. As a step towards democratizing this powerful technology, we present BLOOM, a 176B-parameter open-access language model designed and built thanks to a collaboration of hundreds of researchers. BLOOM is a decoder-only Transformer language model that was trained on the ROOTS corpus, a dataset comprising hundreds of sources in 46 natural and 13 programming languages (59 in total). We find that BLOOM achieves competitive performance on a wide variety of benchmarks, with stronger results after undergoing multitask prompted finetuning. To facilitate future research and applications using LLMs, we publicly release our models and code under the Responsible AI License.
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Video super-resolution is one of the most popular tasks on mobile devices, being widely used for an automatic improvement of low-bitrate and low-resolution video streams. While numerous solutions have been proposed for this problem, they are usually quite computationally demanding, demonstrating low FPS rates and power efficiency on mobile devices. In this Mobile AI challenge, we address this problem and propose the participants to design an end-to-end real-time video super-resolution solution for mobile NPUs optimized for low energy consumption. The participants were provided with the REDS training dataset containing video sequences for a 4X video upscaling task. The runtime and power efficiency of all models was evaluated on the powerful MediaTek Dimensity 9000 platform with a dedicated AI processing unit capable of accelerating floating-point and quantized neural networks. All proposed solutions are fully compatible with the above NPU, demonstrating an up to 500 FPS rate and 0.2 [Watt / 30 FPS] power consumption. A detailed description of all models developed in the challenge is provided in this paper.
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基于文本的人检索的核心问题是如何弥合多模式数据之间的异质差距。以前的许多方法,用于学习以\ textbf {交叉模式分布共识预测(CDCP)}方式学习潜在的常见歧管映射范式。当将某个模态分布到公共歧管中的映射特征时,相反模态的特征分布是完全不可见的。也就是说,如何实现跨模式分布共识,以便将多模式特征嵌入和对齐构建的跨模式公共歧管中,这完全取决于模型本身的经验,而不是实际情况。通过这种方法,不可避免的是,多模式数据在共同的歧管中不能很好地对齐,这最终导致了次优的检索性能。为了克服此\ textbf {CDCP困境},我们提出了一种称为lbul的新颖算法,以学习基于文本的人检索的一致的跨模式公共歧管(C $^{3} $ M)。正如中文的谚语所说,我们方法的核心思想是``\ textit {san si er hou xing}',即\ textbf {thee thee thee thee thee you lap leak(lbul)}。 LBUL的常见歧管映射机制包含一个看起来的步骤和跳跃步骤。与基于CDCP的方法相比,LBUL考虑了视觉和文本方式的分布特征,然后将数据从某种模式嵌入到C $^{3} $ M中以获得更固体的交叉模式分布共识,从而获得了优质检索准确性。我们对两个基于文本的人检索数据集Cuhk-Pedes和RSTPREID评估了建议的方法。实验结果表明,所提出的LBUL胜过先前的方法,并实现了最新的性能。
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在鸟眼中学习强大的表现(BEV),以进行感知任务,这是趋势和吸引行业和学术界的广泛关注。大多数自动驾驶算法的常规方法在正面或透视视图中执行检测,细分,跟踪等。随着传感器配置变得越来越复杂,从不同的传感器中集成了多源信息,并在统一视图中代表功能至关重要。 BEV感知继承了几个优势,因为代表BEV中的周围场景是直观和融合友好的。对于BEV中的代表对象,对于随后的模块,如计划和/或控制是最可取的。 BEV感知的核心问题在于(a)如何通过从透视视图到BEV来通过视图转换来重建丢失的3D信息; (b)如何在BEV网格中获取地面真理注释; (c)如何制定管道以合并来自不同来源和视图的特征; (d)如何适应和概括算法作为传感器配置在不同情况下各不相同。在这项调查中,我们回顾了有关BEV感知的最新工作,并对不同解决方案进行了深入的分析。此外,还描述了该行业的BEV方法的几种系统设计。此外,我们推出了一套完整的实用指南,以提高BEV感知任务的性能,包括相机,激光雷达和融合输入。最后,我们指出了该领域的未来研究指示。我们希望该报告能阐明社区,并鼓励对BEV感知的更多研究。我们保留一个活跃的存储库来收集最新的工作,并在https://github.com/openperceptionx/bevperception-survey-recipe上提供一包技巧的工具箱。
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深度神经网络的鲁棒性对于现代AI支持系统至关重要,应正式验证。在广泛的应用中采用了类似乙状结肠的神经网络。由于它们的非线性,通常会过度评估乙状结肠样激活功能,以进行有效的验证,这不可避免地引入了不精确度。已大量的努力致力于找到所谓的更紧密的近似值,以获得更精确的验证结果。但是,现有的紧密定义是启发式的,缺乏理论基础。我们对现有神经元的紧密表征进行了彻底的经验分析,并揭示它们仅在特定的神经网络上是优越的。然后,我们将网络紧密度的概念介绍为统一的紧密度定义,并表明计算网络紧密度是一个复杂的非convex优化问题。我们通过两个有效的,最紧密的近似值从不同的角度绕过复杂性。结果表明,我们在艺术状态下的方法实现了有希望的表现:(i)达到高达251.28%的改善,以提高认证的较低鲁棒性界限; (ii)在卷积网络上表现出更为精确的验证结果。
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人类姿势估计旨在准确估计各种人类姿势。但是,现有的数据集通常遵循长尾巴的分布,而异常姿势仅占据一小部分,这进一步导致缺乏稀有姿势的多样性。这些问题导致当前姿势估计器的概括能力。在本文中,我们提出了一种简单而有效的数据增强方法,称为姿势转化(后部),以减轻上述问题。具体而言,我们建议姿势转化模块(PTM)创建具有多种姿势并采用姿势歧视者的新训练样本,以确保增强姿势的合理性。此外,我们提出姿势聚类模块(PCM)来测量姿势稀有性并选择“最稀有”姿势,以帮助平衡长尾分布。在三个基准数据集上进行的广泛实验证明了我们方法的有效性,尤其是在稀有姿势上。同样,我们的方法是有效且易于实施的,可以轻松地集成到现有姿势估计模型的训练管道中。
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Panoptic叙事接地(PNG)是一项新的任务,其目标是通过静止图像的密集叙事标题来分割事物和内容类别的视觉对象。先前的两阶段方法首先提取了通过现成的全盘分割模型提取分割区域的建议,然后进行粗糙的区域短语匹配,以将每个名词短语的候选区域接地。但是,两阶段的管道通常受到第一阶段低质量建议的性能限制,以及由区域特征池的损失以及为事物和东西类别设计的复杂策略引起的空间细节。为了减轻这些缺点,我们提出了一个单阶段的端到端像素匹配网络(PPMN),该网络将每个短语与其相应的像素直接匹配,而不是区域建议,并通过简单组合输出全段段。因此,我们的模型可以从密集注释的像素色素对的监督而不是稀疏的区域短语对中利用足够,更精细的跨模式语义对应关系。此外,我们还提出了与语言兼容的像素聚合(LCPA)模块,以进一步通过多轮修补剂增强短语特征的判别能力,该简化为每个短语选择最兼容的像素以适应相应的视觉上下文。广泛的实验表明,我们的方法在PNG基准测试中实现了新的最新性能,并具有4.0个绝对平均召回率增长。
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用于对象检测的常规知识蒸馏(KD)方法主要集中于同质的教师学生探测器。但是,用于部署的轻质检测器的设计通常与高容量探测器显着不同。因此,我们研究了异构教师对之间的KD,以进行广泛的应用。我们观察到,异质KD(异核KD)的核心难度是由于不同优化的方式而导致异质探测器的主链特征之间的显着语义差距。常规的同质KD(HOMO-KD)方法遭受了这种差距的影响,并且很难直接获得异性KD的令人满意的性能。在本文中,我们提出了异助剂蒸馏(Head)框架,利用异质检测头作为助手来指导学生探测器的优化以减少此间隙。在头上,助手是一个额外的探测头,其建筑与学生骨干的老师负责人同质。因此,将异源KD转变为同性恋,从而可以从老师到学生的有效知识转移。此外,当训练有素的教师探测器不可用时,我们将头部扩展到一个无教师的头(TF-Head)框架。与当前检测KD方法相比,我们的方法已取得了显着改善。例如,在MS-COCO数据集上,TF-Head帮助R18视网膜实现33.9 MAP(+2.2),而Head将极限进一步推到36.2 MAP(+4.5)。
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